tham khảo

Số hạng nào hả bạn? 

Xét khai triển:

\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+C_n^1x+C_n^2x^2+...+C_n^nx^n\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0x+C_n^1x^2+C_n^2x^3+...+C_n^nx^{n+1}\)

Đạo hàm 2 vế:

\(\left(1+x\right)^n+nx\left(1+x\right)^{n-1}=C_n^0+2C_n^1x+3C_n^2x^2+...+\left(n+1\right)C_n^nx^n\)

Thay \(x=1\)

\(\Rightarrow2^n+n.2^{n-1}=1+2C_n^1+3C_n^2+...+\left(n+1\right)C_n^n\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{n-1}\left(2+n\right)-1=111\)

\(\Rightarrow2^{n-1}\left(2+n\right)=112=2^4.7\)

\(\Rightarrow n=5\)

\(\left(x^2+\dfrac{2}{x}\right)^5=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^kx^{2k}.2^{5-k}.x^{k-5}=\sum\limits^5_{k=0}C_5^k.2^{5-k}.x^{3k-5}\)

\(3k-5=4\Rightarrow k=3\Rightarrow\) hệ số: \(C_5^3.2^2\)

`2^n C_n ^0+2^[n-1] C_n ^1+2^[n-2] +... +C_n ^n=59049`

`<=>(2+1)^n=59049`

`<=>3^n=59049`

`<=>n=10 =>(2x^2+1/[x^3])^10`

Xét số hạng thứ `k+1:`

    `C_10 ^k (2x^2)^[10-k] (1/[x^3])^k ,0 <= k <= 10`

 `=C_10 ^k 2^[10-k] x^[20-5k]`

Số hạng chứa `x_5` xảy ra `<=>20-5k=5<=>k=3`

Với `k=3` thì số hạng cần tìm là: `C_10 ^3 2^[10-3] x^5=15360 x^5`

Ta có:

\(2A_n^2=C_{n-1}^2+C_{n-1}^3\) \(\left(n\ge4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2\cdot\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-2\right)!}=\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)!}{2!\left(n-1-2\right)!}+\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)!}{3!\left(n-1-3\right)!}\)

\(\Rightarrow2\cdot n\left(n-1\right)=\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)}{4}+\dfrac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n-3\right)}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow2n=\dfrac{n-2}{4}+\dfrac{\left(n-2\right)\left(n-3\right)}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow n=14\) hoặc \(n=0\left(loại\right)\)

Với n=14 ta có khai triển:

\(\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)^{14}=\sum\limits^{14}_{k=0}\cdot C_{14}^k\cdot\left(x^2\right)^{14-k}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}\right)^k\)

                      \(=C_{14}^k\cdot x^{28-4k}\)

Số hạng không chứa x: \(\Rightarrow28-4k=0\Rightarrow k=7\)

Vậy số hạng không chứa x trong khai triển là:

\(C_{14}^7\cdot x^{28-4\cdot7}=C_{14}^7=3432\)

\(C^n_n+C^{n-1}_n+C^{n-2}_n=37\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-1\right)!}+\dfrac{n!}{\left(n-2\right)!2!}=37\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1+n+\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}=37\)

\(\Rightarrow n=8\)

\(P=\left(2+5x\right)\left(1-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^8=\left(2+5x\right).\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{x}{2}\right)^k\right)\)

\(=\left(2+5x\right).\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\)

\(=2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)+5x\)\(\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\)

\(=2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)+5\)\(\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^{k+1}\right)\)

Số hạng chứa \(x^3\) trong \(2.\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^k\right)\) là \(2C^3_8.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3x^3\)

Số hạng chứa \(x^3\) trong \(5\left(\sum\limits^8_{k=0}.C_8^k.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^k.x^{k+1}\right)\) là \(5C^2_8.\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2x^3\)

Vậy số hạng chứa x³ trong P là:\(\left[2.C^3_8\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3+5C^2_8\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]x^3\)

Câu 2:

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(n+2\right)!}{2!\cdot n!}-4\cdot\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)!}{n!\cdot1!}=2\left(n+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{2}-4\cdot\dfrac{n+1}{1}=2\left(n+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)-8\left(n+1\right)=4\left(n+1\right)\)

=>(n+1)(n+2-8-4)=0

=>n=-1(loại) hoặc n=10

=>\(A=\left(\dfrac{1}{x^4}+x^7\right)^{10}\)

SHTQ là: \(C^k_{10}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{x^4}\right)^{10-k}\cdot x^{7k}=C^k_{10}\cdot1\cdot x^{11k-40}\)

Số hạng chứa x^26 tương ứng với 11k-40=26

=>k=6

=>Số hạng cần tìm là: \(210x^{26}\)

\(C^1_n+C^2_n=15\) (Điều kiện: \(n\ge2\))

\(\Leftrightarrow n+\dfrac{n!}{2!\left(n-2\right)!}=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n+\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)!}{2\left(n-2\right)!}=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n+\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2n+n\left(n-1\right)=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2n+n^2-n=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n^2+n-30=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}n=5\\n=-6\left(\text{loại}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{2}{x^4}\right)^5=C^k_5x^{5-k}\left(\dfrac{2}{x^4}\right)^k=C^k_5x^{5-k-4k}.2^k=C^k_5x^{5-5k}.2^k\)

\(ycbt\Leftrightarrow5-5k=0\Leftrightarrow k=1\)

\(\Rightarrow C^1_5.2^1=10\)

Vậy số hạng không chứa \(x\) trong khai triển là \(10\).